解析基本偏差系列图的妙用

为了使机械产品在激烈竞争的市场上立稳脚跟并得到迅猛发展,需要进行高度专业化协作性生产,这就要求组成机械产品的零或部件具有互换性.所以无论是在读的机械大类的学生,还是从事机械行业的技术工人、工程师,巧用基本偏差系列图,不仅妙趣横生,有时还会事半功倍.     

植物种群构件的理论概述及研究进展

综述了植物种群构件的理论概况和国内外的研究现状以及对我国种群构件的研究展望.文中指出构件理论的思想依据、形态依据、生理依据和构件理论的五项基本内容.同时,论述了近30余年来,包括植物花构件、叶构件、芽构件、枝构件、茎构件、根构件等在内的植物种群构件研究现状.我国植物种群构件研究要注意构件间的相互作用以及构件与环境间的相互作用;注意与生理生态相结合;研究对象多元化,为开发和保护我国植物资源提供科学依据,将构件研究成果转化为生产力.     

发动机装配线技术现状及发展趋势

汽车发动机在装配中,因为发动机工艺的复杂性、零部件的多样性,发动机装配线就显得十分重要。文章主要阐述了汽车发动机装配线应具有的要求以及发动机装配线应具备的基本功能,并对发动机装配线技术现状提出发展趋势的预测。     

《毛泽东思想和中国特色社会主义理论体系概论》教学改革探讨

“概论”课理论性、现实性很强,在当前我国社会转型和改革攻坚深刻影响人们思想的形势下,如何讲好“概论”课对教师的教学理念、教学方法、技能和知识结构都提出了很高的要求.笔者在认真分析学生对思想政治理论课需求的基础上进行了一系列教学方法改革和实践：坚持理论联系实际,讲好讲活理论；采取互动教学方法,让学生更多的参与教学；灵活运用多媒体技术；通过实践教学促进课堂教学；举办多种专题讲座,拓展学生思维和视野.     

马克思自然生产力理论及其对我国生态文明建设的启示

马克思的自然生产力的思想和理论内容,主要是认为客观的自然界有一种自然力量对人类的生存和发展发生着直接或间接的影响。这些自然力量的总和就是自然生产力。文章对马克思的自然生产力理论作一个深入的挖掘、梳理,研究分析其深刻内涵和主要内容,并阐述其对我国当代社会主义生态文明建设的理论启示和现代实践价值。     

Describing Human–Wildlife Interaction from a European Perspective

European researchers from both the natural and social sciences show growing interest in studying interactions between society and wildlife. A wealth of theoretical frameworks, concepts, and methods are used, but an integration of perspectives is lacking. This research note summarizes results from two workshops that included 63 delegates from 25 European countries, as well as a follow-up survey of 41 respondents. Two main theoretical approaches to the study of human–wildlife interactions were identified. One approach focuses on the collective societal level relying on theories of governance, social representation, deliberative procedures, and commons theory. The other approach targets individuals or groups, and is based on theories such as the cognitive hierarchy, theory of reasoned action, and theory of planned behavior. Interdisciplinary collaboration is needed to identify the best options for wildlife conservation and management in a more politically integrated Europe.     

The Applicability of Wildlife Value Orientations Scales to a Muslim Student Sample in Malaysia

This article addresses the applicability of quantitative wildlife value orientation scales in Muslim students in Malaysia. As Malaysian culture is deeply influenced by Islam ideology, this article presents a case for addressing the cross-cultural applicability of the scales. The current wildlife value orientation scales were reliable—all Cronbach’s alphas ≥ .65—and had predictive validity—8 to 14% of variance of acceptability of lethal control was explained. Yet, both reliability and predictive validity were of lesser magnitude than figures in previous Western studies. Especially the hunting beliefs scale did not reflect basic thinking about wildlife in our sample, and our data suggest two different hunting dimensions—consequences of hunting for wildlife and human opportunities for hunting. For future cross-cultural comparisons of wildlife value orientations, amendment of the scales to better reflect salient beliefs in non-Western nations is recommended.     

一类二维加权积分数值求积方法及其误差分析

针对一类二维加权积分的数值计算方法及误差分析进行研究,参照一维广义高斯积分数值求积方法提出一种具有较高代数精度的计算方法并对其误差做分析,同时给出几个简明的结果。这些结果可用到诸如小波分解,图像处理与多分辨数字信号处理等领域。     

Association between porpoise presence and fish choruses: implications for feeding strategies and ecosystem-based conservation of the East Asian finless porpoise

The associations between feeding activities and environmental variables inform animal feeding tactics that maximize energetic gains by minimizing energy costs while maximizing feeding success. Relevant studies in aquatic animals, particularly marine mammals, are scarce due to difficulties in the observation of feeding behaviors in aquatic environments. This data scarcity concurrently hinders ecosystem-based fishery management in the context of small toothed-cetacean conservation. In the present study, a passive acoustic monitoring station was deployed in an East Asian finless porpoise habitat in Laizhou Bay to investigate potential relationships between East Asian finless porpoises and their prey. The data revealed that porpoises were acoustically present nearly every day during the survey period. Porpoise detection rates differed between spring and autumn in concert with activities of fish choruses. During spring, fish choruses were present throughout the afternoon, and this was the time when porpoise vocalizations were the most frequently detected. During autumn, when fish choruses were absent, porpoise detection rates decreased, and diurnal patterns were not detected. The close association between fish choruses and finless porpoise activities implies an “eavesdropping” feeding strategy to maximize energetic gains, similar to other toothed cetaceans that are known to engage similar feeding strategies. Underwater noise pollution, particularly those masking fish choruses, could interrupt finless porpoises’ feeding success. Fisheries competing soniferous fishes with finless porpoise could impact finless porpoise viability through ecosystem disruption, in addition to fishing gear entanglement.     

灵芝孢子受冷等静高压作用破壁提取机理的探讨

按照普通植物种子的情况,推定灵芝孢子的结构有完全充满、部分充满、有大空隙和无种仁4种形式。为此,按照这4种形式分别说明了灵芝孢子受高等静压作用时,孢子壁的破坏方式和灵芝孢子有效成分的溶出方式。